Friday, August 28, 2020

The Demarcation Issue free essay sample

The limit among science and pseudo science, also called the outline issue has been in banter for a considerable length of time between savants of science so as to discover the premise on which this partition can exist. Any semblance of Karl Popper at first presented the boundary measure called falsificationism which expresses that falsifiability is the sensible chance that an affirmation can be indicated bogus by a perception or a physical experiment[l] and it was on this starting Popper had the option to make the particular division of science from pseudoscience. Anyway f Poppers approach was thought about, numerous logical disclosures would have been devastated, since the hypothesis behind the revelation would have been esteemed a pseudoscience because of the absence of confirmation and experimentation supporting it. Paul Thagard, Imre Lakatos and Thomas Kuhn are probably the most grounded rivals of the model of falsificationism. Poppers boundary has been critisized for its negligence for authentic science and for permitting pseudoscience the greatness of a science. We will compose a custom article test on The Demarcation Issue or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page This exposition differentiates the belief systems of Karl Popper with the 3 rationalists ith respects to certain logical disclosures which subsequently uncover the insufficiency of falsificationism as a boundary rule. Karl Popper depicted the boundary issue as the way to a large portion of the major issues in the way of thinking of science. [2]The logical disclosure that negates Poppers proposition is Isaac newtons idea of gravity. Gravity through newtons clarification is an imperceptible, mass less, appealing power between objects that have mass. [3] It is the thing that keeps people on earth and the earths circling of the sun. With respect to Popper he hypothesis of gravity is in truth a pseudoscience since it is basically an issue of how might one experience a physical analysis or perception where newtons hypothesis of attraction can be invalidated? The absence of verification to help this hypothesis is the standard of Poppers dismissal to attractive energy as a logical disclosure. Despite what might be expected, Paul Thagard objection to Poppers philosophy is conspicuously observed here, as Popper so quickly dismisses the hypothesis of attractive energy. Thagards approach expresses that a logical hypothesis is regarded a pseudoscience in the event that it has been less dynamic than lternate speculations over an extensive stretch of time and in this way takes care of numerous unsolved issues. [4] His proposal doesn't disregard explores inside and out. As needs be a hypothesis us possibly thought to be a pseudoscience on the off chance that it is left to deteriorate subsequently depicting insignificant movement in contrast with on the other hand proposed speculations. At the point when this is contrasted with Poppers thought of division among science and pseudoscience, notwithstanding if a hypothesis is falsifiable Thagard suggests that if progress isn't made and it is left to deteriorate it at exactly that point is to be specific a pseudoscience. Along these lines we ought to ake newtons law of attractive energy into thought. In spite of the fact that there is little affirmation that gravity at all exists, the minor truth that it has made huge logical movement and thus was later utilized as an establishment of other logical signs. Concerning Thagards proposition, newtons law of attractive energy is evaluated a science. Obviously Poppers falsificationism standard would have in reality deferred urgent logical movement because of its exacting worldview rather than Thagards disregard of the inherent highlights of a hypothesis. What's more, henceforth advances a more alsificationism as outline standard. The historical backdrop of science from Kuhns see paints an image altogether different from that of positivists like Karl Popper, he reprimands Poppers thought and expresses that his falsifiability models neglects to portray science as it is really practice. Kuhns proposed proposition recommends that genuine logical practice comprises of puzzle unraveling with the flow acknowledged hypothesis, by differentiate pseudoscience don't give this structure to dynamic exploration. There are more distinction among Popper and Kuhns belief systems on the strategies for alsificationism, where Popper contends that the sign of science is its definitive methodology and in this manner continually attempting to distort itself. Kuhn then again affirms a remarkable inverse it is when everyone concedes to the fundamental hypotheses that the logical disclosure will ascend starting from the earliest stage. For example, Kuhn and Popper are incredulous of whether soothsaying is a science. From Poppers point of view it can't be, since the cases celestial prophets present are dubious and nothing can be invalidated. Kuhn then again recommends that crystal gazers have really recognized many troubled expectations and that these disappointments were greatly clarified. The specific arrangement of continually moving stars and planets just as the specific time of a people birth is too hard to even consider calculating consummately. [5] If this was seen in an a lot more straightforward similarity, the elements that add to lung malignant growth are too unpredictable to even think about determining, that we cant really anticipate with furthest sureness that smoker will get disease, anyway it is as yet right to state that smoking causes disease and that clinical investigations of smoking and lung malignancy are logical. Thus is its lear that Poppers division of science and pseudoscience isn't success ful. Imre Lakatos endeavored to clarify Kuhns work in falsificationists terms by contending that science advances by the distortion of exploration programs as opposed to explicit all inclusive explanations of credulous misrepresentation. In Lakatoss approach a researchers works in an exploration program which compares to Kuhns worldview. Though Popper dismissed the utilization of impromptu theory as logical, Lakatos recognized their situation in the improvement of new speculations. Moreover the revelation made by Thompson that every single issue present both wave and molecule like features[6] is another logical revelation that has made clash between the perspectives on Popper and Imre Lakatos. Light was constantly accepted to depict wave like qualities, anyway when Thompson initially uncovered that in reality matter could show the two kinds of properties the first hypothesis was viewed as a pseudoscience. The severe standard of distortion doesn't take into account any mistake to happen inside speculations. Actually falsificationism doesn't scrutinize the dependability and legitimacy of the trial ethods and whether they were completed accurately, but instead items to the hypothesis itself. Additonally if we somehow happened to look at Lakatoss proposition on the division issue, he expresses that researchers don't give on a hypothesis since some counter proof is found. Rather either the proof is placed into question or a similar specially appointed theory is spoke to for salvage. [4] From Lakatos proposal of detachment, Thompsons guarantee is viewed as a science for the explanation that he made an impromptu theory as well as rather had the option to additionally demonstrate that light likewise xhibited molecule highlights. Every single through hello there paddle haggle cross examinations and wave like highlights completely using an attractive field. refuted dependent on perception and experimentation shows its insufficiency as an outline rule as it doesn't cling to the wave molecule logi cal hypothesis. Poppers philosophies recommend that a hypothesis is a pseudoscience on the off chance that it can't be invalidated. The outline that isolates the two sciences is based on a particular reason for the rest of the savants. Examination of Newtonians thoughts propose that the last iscoveries would have been postponed since there were numerous endeavors to misrepresent Netwons speculations. Which thus would have late the discoveries of Neptune and forestalled the movement of the dynamic hypothesis of gases. Subsequently the foundation of the quantum hypothesis would likewise have stopped to exist since the comprehension of mechanics would have been dismissed had Poppers thought of falsificationism and boundary were considered. All these logical disclosures have prompted extraordinary developments and further logical headways. The quantum hypotheses through numerical laws were in actuality ready to give researchers he motivations to the manner by which a dark body transmits heat[6]. As per Popper the main way that science can progress is the point at which one guesses then another disproves. On the off chance that there is no discredit or it is viewed as deficient, at that point it isn't thought about as logical movement. On the off chance that this methodology was to be followed a lot of information would be lost as Popper doesnt permit time for a hypothesis to demonstrate its precision. It is there obvious that falsificationism isn't sufficient as a division model. Researchers will put everything on the line to protect their worldview against alsification, by the expansion of impromptu theory to existing speculations. Paul Thagard, Thomas Kuhn and Imre Lakatos are the most grounded enemies of the hypothesis of falsificationism which gives the sign that there is still a lot of philosophical work to be done on the boundary among science and pseudoscience. Falsificationism is deficient as an outline model as it hurriedly dismisses speculations introduced without giving them an opportunity to demonstrate their legitimacy. Additionally it has been scrutinized for ignoring Justifiable science and for giving pseudoscience the status of being science.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

ECONOMICS OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Financial matters OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Essay Example The Ottomans had a framework that permitted them to authorize arranges in the commercial center by guaranteeing that products were sold at reasonable costs (Bulut 47). Since business was key to the triumph of the realm, the Ottomans controlled costs just as the flood of remote products into the market. The business sectors were consistently watched by bosses who controlled exacting control and equity. This control while permitted traders to be rich, improved the association of business in the commercial center. The Ottoman government presented the utilization of coins from western nations. This was because of the interest for the utilization of coins in nearby exchanges, just as in the acquisition of outside merchandise. The utilization of coins extended exchange over the domain and improved the organization of equity and security by the administration staff (Agoston and Master 192). The utilization of coins and valuable metal likewise changed the manner in which exchanging was done over the domain as merchandise could be sold without any problem. Exchange arrangements were likewise actualized in the Ottoman Empire, so as to confine both the fare and importation of merchandise. The Sultan was worried about guaranteeing that its residents had been sufficient merchandise. Along these lines, the Sultan made approaches that debilitated the exportation of products to outside countries. This was conceivable using duties and custom obligation (Agoston and Master 192). Despite what might be expected, the Ottoman government energized imports by conceding remote dealer benefits for selling products inside the domain. So as to animate financial development and advancement of framework, the Ottoman government permitted outsiders to put resources into the realm, yet confined their degree of advantages. This technique was cultivated by arrangements that confined the association of outsiders in different undertakings. For example, the Ottomans specified that all tasks done in the realm were to be of

College Essay Essay

The Ohio State University has been a school of my decision for different reasons. I generally needed to go to a school that would profit me in a positive manner. Before my visit to Ohio State I was uncertain on what school I needed to join in. In any case, after my visit to OSU’s grounds I realized that Ohio State was the spot for me. Ohio State is one of only a handful hardly any establishments that are focused on assorted variety and the general achievement of its understudies. The thorough educational plan, concentrate abroad chances and understudy associations offered won't just husband to be me as a researcher yet an individual too. While OSU is perhaps the biggest college, the first year recruit programs talked about during my visit have guaranteed me that I would not be a number, however an individual from the OSU people group. I might want to be in a positive situation where the degree of desire and estimation for progress is central. From my exploration, OSU has a world class notoriety in research and scholastics. As a planned Finance major at the Fisher College of Business, I will intend to learn and work in the qualities that reflect Max Fisher and the College of Business. With OSU being one of the main 20 universities I felt there’s no other school that could fit me better. I feel The Ohio State University fits me best. I likewise can not overlook the great serenade I was instructed on the visit, when I state â€Å"O-H† you state â€Å"I-O.†

Friday, August 21, 2020

Final Project Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Last Project - Case Study Example This is expressed in her IEP, and is absolutely the longing of her folks. Normally, Emily will profit by this just as she can have ordinary cooperations with her companions and not be dependent upon steady ‘extra classes’ that pull her away from significant class time. There are different assistive innovation gadgets that should help Emily. The primary part that ought to give required sight help is a screen amplification framework. Such a gadget will amplify data introduced in class up to multiple times. At five years of age, Emily will gain proficiency with a lot about numbers and letters. She will likewise start to compose. This expects her to have the option to satisfactorily observe what the instructor is doing, with the goal that she can show after that. Screen amplification programming doesn't need to occupy a lot of space and can be utilized at Emily’s work area. Another gadget that could be very helpful to Emily is a video magnifier. In the youth study hal l, there will be numerous cutting edge innovative instruments utilized to aid the educating of perusing and composing. A video magnifier will use shut circuit television innovation to make composed content and little articles simpler for her to see. As the educator composes numbers and letters on the white board, it very well may be amplified on CCTV for Emily to effectively observe while sitting at her work area. At long last, a computerized book peruser can be used to play back stories or different exercises. Particularly as Emily progress through school, she will be unable to peruse as fast as her cohorts. A computerized book peruser can assist her with getting additional time outside of class to make up for lost time as the peruser will give sound adaptations of printed content. It is significant that every one of the assistive innovation gadgets be actualized in a non-intrusive way that doesn't cause undue to notice Emily. This will empower her to have a generally typical study hall presence and she would then be able to fit in with her friends more solidly. With appropriate consideration and the usage of a couple non-customary instructional procedures, Emily should keep on flourishing scholastically and have the option to beat her handicap. Contextual analysis #2 David shows all signs of being a splendid little youngster with a particular high-occurrence incapacity. While his verbal abilities have all the earmarks of being extraordinary for the third grade, he is now showing outrageous trouble in the regions of perusing and composing. At this age, David is likely not keen on bombing before his companions, so he seems reluctant to give any uncommon exertion. While it isn't shown in this specific contextual investigation, an IEP is likely being built up that centers around instruments in these regions to assist David with getting back up to review level in these basic territories. David could profit by an assistive innovation gadget that will assist him wi th improving upon his underneath grade level understanding aptitudes. One such gadget is to use books and different productions that are in sound structure. This can come as, most ordinarily, CDs and MP3 Downloads. David can start to tune in to specific messages that are being utilized in his study hall. In this manner, he can start to hear how words are articulated and ideally, after some time, start to enhance his cognizance abilities. There are numerous book recording perusers available. Likewise, there are membership benefits that the school can be an individual from that makes sound variants of writings accessible for

How Animation Affects Children Film Studies Essay

How Animation Affects Children Film Studies Essay In today progression of innovation, TV is a major part in the job of conveying data to the general public. The impact of this type of media has no special case to youngsters. These days, youngsters are growing up with TV. They gain from TV and attempting to comprehend this arrangement of correspondence. To comprehend what they are gaining from it, the utilization of TV and how they ingest the data are significant territories to learn further about this issue. Movement as a piece of TV programs assumes a significant job to kids advancement since liveliness frequently identified with youngsters as its intended interest groups. The utilization of psychological abilities and how they identify with numerous viewpoints inside the movement, for example, story, character, and a lot more impact what information and aptitudes that they get from watching activity. It impacts their subjective and social improvement with things that they are not gotten from their folks and educators at school. Th is issue brings up issues, for example, what would children be able to gain from watching liveliness, or how youngsters with various ages and societies understand it in their advancement procedure. Part 1: Children Learning Process 1.1 Children Cognitive Development Before speaking further about substance of liveliness that impacts youngsters learning process, it is imperative to consider the learning procedure of the kids itself. Jean Piaget hypothesis about psychological advancement is a decent initial step to see how youngsters get their insight, develop it and use it. As indicated by Piaget, an infant enters the world without essential psychological abilities and through the advancement as a youngster, he reliably attempting to adjust his general surroundings. Building such a comprehension is essentially what intellectual improvement is about. Piaget characterizes it as the properties of knowledge that clarifies why certain practices occurred. As per Piaget there are three segments that exist in subjective turn of events, which are capacity, substance, and structure. Capacity for this situation alludes to expansive qualities of scholarly action; then again, content alludes to what do youngsters know, which is about crude social information that is perceptible. In the middle of capacity and substance, Piaget referenced about the presence of psychological structure, which is the properties of insight that making specific practices happens. At the point when a youngster watching liveliness, they utilize their current information to comprehend the movement that they are watching, they are attempting to comprehend what's going on before their eyes right now. Diverse age bunch has distinctive method for seeing and saw things on the grounds that psychological structure continue advancing as a human grow up and acquiring data through their encounters. To investigate further about the age gathering of kids and what would they be able to assimilate during those timeframes, Piaget further partitioned intellectual improvement process into four phases: Tactile engine stage/Infancy (0-2 years) In this phase of advancement, a kid is attempting numerous things that he can feel, taste, see, smell, and hear. Through this tedious procedure, he begins to assemble pictures in his cerebrum about his environmental factors. He is figuring out how to distinguish things dependent on the association between the article and his five detects. He gradually finds out about the presence of an item and figuring out how to utilize representative capacities, for example, language. At this stage, he is as yet finding out about article perpetual quality. He is as yet unconscious about the presence of an item when it is out of his sight, for instance is a kid who has his sweets detracted from him and just conceal it will make him imagine that the candy is gone in this way he began crying. Pre-operational stage/baby and youth (2-7 years) This phase of advancement a kid began to figure out how to utilize emblematic pictures to characterize things and creating language capacity. This is where a youngster began to emulate others conduct while as yet having an egocentric idea. He needs a solid physical circumstance to comprehend what is happening around him as he can't conceptualize uniquely in his mind. At this stage, a kid can characterize an item dependent on one trademark, for instance is the manner by which a kid at this stage will assemble his toys dependent on a sort of the toys (gathering a vehicle toys paying little mind to the shade of the toy or its size) or dependent on shading (gathering all red toys in any case the state of them). Concrete-operational period (7-11 years) At this stage, a youngster begin to lose their egocentric idea. He can conceptualize things and framed his rationale dependent on his encounters to get a handle on the circumstance around him. He can utilize rationale suitably to control images identified with solid items, characterizes objects dependent on their highlights and measurements, and ready to do digest critical thinking dependent on their solid encounters. Formal-operational period (11-15 years) This last stage includes a kid capacity to utilize theoretical speculation as opposed to solid encounters. He can clarify his critical thinking process, ready to utilize coherent thinking, and start to pondering his future. Another significant investigation done by Piaget is the examination of how well a kid performs on various errand between each stage. These assignments investigation includes four regions of study, which are: Shrouded Object This region includes object changelessness as it was referenced at the tangible engine stage previously. The term object that Piaget referenced in his hypothesis alludes to things that an individual accepted that it exist in this world and ready to collaborate with. At the principal stage, which is tactile engine stage, a baby don't consider a to be as something that is exist in this world, he just saw it as a thing that drives his reflexive activity. Piaget made an investigation by putting a material over a toy which made the youngster not intrigued any longer to the item that being secured. A youngster will gradually get a handle on the idea of article lastingness in the wake of leaving the tangible engine stage. Preservation In any case the space that articles stayed, its amount will remain the equivalent. This is the thing that Piaget implies by preservation in this issue. He made an analysis by introducing water inside compartments to a youngster. He emptied water into two compartments with a similar size and asked the kid which one has more water and the youngster believe that they have a similar measure of water. At the point when Piaget take one holder and emptied the water inside into an alternate compartment that is more slender and taller and introduced it again to the kid, the youngster said that the more slender and taller compartments have more water contrasted with the one preceding. This model shows that a kid despite everything don't have the rationale to consider the volume of an item and beguiled by its physical appearance. As a youngster grow up, his rationale of protection will be created until age 11-12 when he arrived at the pinnacle of cement operational-period, when he can character ize volume in an item. Transitive Inference Otherwise called Seriation, Transitive Inference is the ability to sensibly mastermind things dependent on specific measures. For this situation, Piaget made an analysis by giving wooden sticks distinctive length to a youngster and requested that he mastermind them. At long last, the youngster couldn't organize them dependent on the tallness of each stick and simply put them haphazardly close to one another. Transitive Inference will advance as a youngster Conservation expertise developing. By getting a handle on the comprehension of every estimation unit, a youngster will shape rationale of Transitive Inference in his mind too. Parity Scale Task Parity scale task includes precise comprehension of material science related region. For this territory of study, Piaget made a trial by putting a bar on a little item and including distinctive load for each finish of the bar. Without thinking about that the length between the little article and two loads are extraordinary, youngster at pre-operational stage said that the side with more weight will go down. Youngster at concrete-operational stage battled to utilize his rationale to join the two components, separation and weight. Kid at formal-operational period has the rationale to choose which side will go down. Piaget utilizes these four territories of study to clarify further about his phases of childs psychological turn of events. He introduced important tests for every classification to give an away from of childs learning process at various stages. 1.2 Knowledge Representation Youngsters and grown-ups have an alternate method for seeing things. Contrasted with grown-ups who see things all the more dynamically and reasonably, the manner in which youngsters seeing things are progressively nonexistent. In the event that both grown-up and kids were given an earthy colored shaded canine, distinctive picture portrayal will be shaped in their brain. In the event that grown-ups will attempt to recollect why the pooch is earthy colored by intuition what breed is the canine, youngsters will just recall it as a pooch with earthy colored shading. After they completely handle object lastingness when they entering pre-operational stage, they can shape a psychological portrayal inside their brain. Arietta Slade in her book Children at Play characterizes mental portrayal as ..a capacity with tremendous versatile worth. Far out no longer methods out of brain, an accomplishment that includes another limit with regards to sorted out mental encounters. (1994, pp.6) She took a case of a mother and her youngster by saying that the psychological portrayal of a mother can be put away in the childs mind and during the mother missing, the kid will utilize his psychological portrayal to take out the memory of his moms essential visual appearance, for example, the voice, the smell, or the touch. Piaget in his book characterizes mental portrayal as a capacity to hold a picture in a childs mind for a period past the prompt understanding. Piaget referenced that a kid can shape a psychological portrayal following eighteen months during tangible engine s

Monday, June 29, 2020

The Bicycle thieves - 825 Words

The Bicycle thieves (Movie Review Sample) Content: Your Name Professor's Name Course Name Date of Submission Bicycle Thieves Introduction "The Bicycle" is a simple story line movie by Vittorio De Sica, who writes the script in response to the poor living standards of the Italian population after the World War II (Barough 18). The movie uses a non professional actor to articulate the hardships in the then postwar society. This makes the movie to fall under the Italian neo-realism category. It is a story of Ricci a broke man in search of a job to sustain his family. He fortunately gets a job as a poster hanger, but with one basic requirement that he should have his own bicycle. To meet this requirement, his wife, Mary, hocks the whole bed linen collection of the family, to cash in the already forfeited bicycle. Unfortunately, on his first at the job, Ricci's bicycle is stolen by someone who probably needed the same job, which makes him spent the entire day together with his son Bruno searching for the bicycle, in the crowded city The author shows how difficult the searching task is, in the Rome city, and even the policemen do not offer him and his son any assistance. They give up on searching the bicycle and get to a restaurant. While eating Bruno is concerned with how his father spends and he tells him, to spend that much needs a monthly earning of a million lira (Wilson 105). By good luck, they spot the thief with the bicycle and after a confrontation, crowds and a policeman arrive. The cop does not help Ricci recover his bicycle because he believes only Ricci as the witness for theft, is not enough evidence. At the end of the story, Ricci tries to steal a bicycle to propagate the stealing cycle and poverty trends in the society. The film maker poses the movie in a neorealist style as he makes use of real people rather than professional actors for the main character to generate the logic of realism (Forgacs 52). He also makes use of real places in the Roman city for the movie shooting. In a simple way, the movie addresses major issues affecting the society at large. Such issues include the Italian cultures and institutions, political systems, the Church institution, family, sports, government bureaucracy, and neighborhood. Bruno, the son to the main character, believes in his father as the hero (Barough 18). However, it is painful for him to come to realization that Ricci is a common human and not the hero he anticipated. The movie purely looks at the life line of a poor man and it does not compare the poor with the rich. All that is seen to be important is simply the ability to put food on the table for one's family. The movie's critics say that, it does a good job in exposing des...

Tuesday, May 26, 2020

The Number One Question You Must Ask for Organizational Behavior Essay Topics

The Number One Question You Must Ask for Organizational Behavior Essay Topics What's more, it is but part of the entire cloth of an organization. People generally don't like change, meaning that transformation within an organization is often resisted by workers. America is thought to be absolutely the most diverse nation on the planet because we attract various people with unique values, beliefs, religions, etc.. The origin of the change might be of importance, as this will decide on the future leader of the scenario. The Appeal of Organizational Behavior Essay Topics You might even prefer it this manner. Keeping employees happy is about communicating effectively and helping every person to know where they stand. Then finally yet importantly, the individual would need to model what they would like to see in their workplace. At this time you must discover what people actually think of your organization. The management should be prepared to step in and be persistent and be in a position to work to reduce the employee turnover rate. Therefore, managers have to develop diagnostic abilities and be trained to recognize conditions symptomatic of an issue requiring more attention. The environment may signify a steady job which requires one to do similar forms of work at a daily pace. Additionally, there are likely to be some employee turnover when there's a management change due to a conflict in personalities. These members may come to understand the worth of the organization. Cultures in an organization are a few of the hardest things to change in an organization. These informal alliances can enable you to better achieve your objectives. Thus, it may assist the organization stagnate at this moment. This section of your essay is going to have a great deal of information about ways to approach people in numerous situations on the job. There are several essay topics that you may select from. To succeed, students will want to find a minumum of one source of information linked to their topics. Just take a look at the list and get a fantastic topic for your thesis. Individual behaviour is not as predictable and much more difficult to analyze and process, because every human is unique, but studying it is a whole lot more rewarding. 4 crucial forces affecting Organizational Behavior and it's applied. Knowing the behavior of one person is a challenge. Predict the outcome of unethical behavior at work. Employees that have more motivation to be successful within a firm's framework are more inclined to have effective, organizationally aligned behaviors than people that have less motivation. With the usage of organizational behavior concepts in regard to Ott, Parks and Simpson, an organization can have the ability to acquire important info about how to develop itself. While working in an organization, it's very important to comprehend others behavior along with make others understand ours. Function of a manger to keep your eye on the human resource of the business. Companies will need to put money into organizational behavior because it supplies the insights required for them to run smoothly and effectively. The notion of looking scientifically at behavior and productivity in the workplace with the aim of growing the quantity and caliber of work an employee can get done, alongside the notion that workers weren't interchangeable resources but were instead unique regarding their p sychology and possible fit with a provider. Through all this, you can refer back to a few of the more accessible research on organizational behavior to work out precisely what your company requirements. These essays are always about the suitable comprehension of how employees behave within a business atmosphere. Many people believe that by obtaining a psychology degree they can then develop into a psychologist without delay. In respect to individuals and groups, researchers attempt to ascertain why folks behave the way that they do. Organizational behavior offers a great deal of flexibility for jobs and career choices, but students have to establish what direction they need to go,'' Kalnbach states. The Honest to Goodness Truth on Organizational Behavior Essay Topics Students get SPSS assignments on a wide selection of topics and subjects. They can learn the practical application of SPSS and get the best advantage out of it with the help of our experts. They only need to download according to their feasibility. They need to interpret the raw data into feasible information in order to make decisions.

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

John F. Kennedys Inaugural Address - 1049 Words

John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address Ceremonial speeches are given to mark ceremonial events and help a society move beyond their differences. John F. Kennedy gave a ceremonial speech, his inaugural address, on January 20th, 1961, marking one of the most historic speeches in time. In John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address speech, that is being evaluated today, the author uses social cohesion as a call for the nation to give back to the country, as we should do of course, and to ask, and expect less from the government, but that we should all have equal rights. Social Cohesion is described as the words, values, goals, speeches, and ceremonies that glue a group or society together and serve to maintain social order. John F. Kennedy uses†¦show more content†¦He shows that we are divided in the world, by good and evil, but that it is up to us especially through difficult times, such as the Cold War. Being the only Catholic President, John F. Kennedy shares his strong faith in God, saying â€Å"And yet the same revolutionary beliefs for which our forebears fought are still at issue around the globe, the belief that the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state but from the hand of God.† John F. Kennedy bases a lot of speech on his faith in God, implying that it placed in the hands of God and no longer up to us, implying God helps those who help themselves. He demonstrates power when he states, â€Å"In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than mine, will rest the final success or failure of our course.† Meaning, we are in charge of what is to come. He symbolizes an end, as well as a new beginning. Each American has the chance to make the change, and it lies within the hands of generations to come. He uses his most famous quote to demonstrate freedom by saying, â€Å"And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you ca n do for your country.† John F. Kennedy signals renewal, as well as change. This famous quote is also paired with a quote about freedom, it states, â€Å"My fellow citizens of the world, ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man.† It was paired with a line about freedom, intentionally. These two lines, takenShow MoreRelatedJohn F Kennedy’s Inaugural Address 778 Words   |  3 PagesJohn F Kennedy’s Inaugural address Throughout John F. Kennedy’s inaugural address, Kennedy used a variation of rhetoric styles and diction in order to persuade his audience that all human beings should cohesively act as one to further human rights worldwide. On the 20th January 1961 John Fitzgerald Kennedy became America’s youngest president and became the first Catholic head of state. Against a backdrop of snow and sunshine Over 20,000 people gathered together to witness the event. After removingRead MorePublic Service: John F. Kennedys Inaugural Address1219 Words   |  5 PagesPresident John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address is considered one of the greatest speeches in history and one of the shortest Inaugural Addresses at just 15 minutes. He attempts to build up America’s pride and calls the nation to support their country. He describes these goals using a variety of rhetorical devices to increase public reaction. His short but powerful speech gives comfort to an American public fearful of war. John Fitzgerald Kennedy was born May 29, 1917, into a new wealthy CatholicRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of John F. Kennedys Inaugural Address731 Words   |  3 PagesRhetorical Analysis of John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address Throughout the history of the United States, presidents have used the inaugural address to outline both domestic and global events that challenge the citizens. John F. Kennedy’s induction into the presidency in 1961 was most exemplary of this. Taking place during ongoing tension between the capitalist west and communist east, people feared the mass destruction that could occur with another World War. Kennedy assured the American people whoRead MoreRhetorical Devices In President John F. Kennedys 1961 Inaugural Address935 Words   |  4 PagesIn the legendary words of President John Fitzgerald Kennedy, â€Å"Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.† Though the quote may appear simple, its rhetoric makes it one of the most memorable components of his speech’s message. Kennedy conveys that, in partnership with the audience, he will advance the American people and people abroad. President Kennedy’s 1961 Inaugural Address included several rhetorical devices are utilized to create effects within the audienceRead MoreEssay about John F. Kennedy Analysis704 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Leah Moore JFK Inaugural Address Analysis President John F. Kennedy gave his inaugural address on a January afternoon in 1961. His speech includes many rhetorical devices—included to help convey Kennedy’s subject to his audience. The subject is that human rights are determined by God, rather than the government. Some rhetorical devices Kennedy uses are parallelism, anaphora, and hortative sentences. John F. Kennedy’s use of rhetorical devices within his inaugural address help him convey his messageRead MoreLeslie Cardoso. Leslie Cardoso. Ap English 3. P.3.1082 Words   |  5 PagesCardoso Ap English 3 p.3   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The JFK Inaugural Address On January 20, 1961, John Fitzgerald Kennedy delivered one of America s few standout inaugural addresses and one of the finest speeches in American history. By invoking the American dream and extending its promise to the rest of the world, Kennedy s speech was an inspirational call to action that resonates even today. John Fitzgerald Kennedy’s Inaugural Address, The article â€Å"Inside Kennedy’s Inauguration, 50 Years on†, and a photographRead MoreThe Rhetorical Analysis Of John F. Kennedy839 Words   |  4 Pages On January 20, 1961, John Fitzgerald Kennedy became the youngest man to possess presidency in the United States of America. As a young, wealthy man Kennedy rapidly climbed the political ladder by initially representing a working class Boston district in the United States Congress, then continuing on to the House of Representatives, followed by the United States Senate, and ending with the victorious defeat of his presidential opponent, to become the 35th president of the United States. AccordingRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of John F. Kennedys Speech746 Words   |  3 Pages John Fitzgerald Kennedy was born on May 29, 1917, in Brookline, Massachusetts. As a young man Kennedy rapidly climbed the political latter by initially representing a working class Boston district in the United States Congress, then escalated to the House of Representatives, followed by the United States Senate, and ending with the victorious defeat of his presidential opponent, to become the 35th president of the United States of America. According to theatlantic.com, Kennedy was so wellRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of John F. Kennedy s Inaugural Address971 Words   |  4 PagesA Rhetorical Analysis of John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address By 1961, The United States of America was struggling with racial tension and social inequalities, while fighting communism internationally and protecting the public from the weapons and devices of our adversaries abroad. Confusion and fear had invaded the minds of the American people as the cold war neared its pinnacle; they were desperate for a strong, reassuring leader. John F. Kennedy provided this reassurance when he addressed the nationRead MoreDreams of John F. Kennedy700 Words   |  3 PagesInaugural Address: The Dreams of John F. Kennedy John Fitzgerald Kennedy; even today 50 years after his death, his name still inspires Americans and others around the globe. President Kennedy was elected in 1960; this was the start of a new decade and a new generation and was a time of great change in our nation. Kennedy was the youngest U.S. president in our history and when sworn into office spoke his Inaugural Address. His Inaugural speech addresses many problems faced by Americans and many other

Friday, May 15, 2020

Article Analysis Week 1 Economics 365 - 1064 Words

Week One Article Analysis ECO/365 January 16, 2012 Week One Article Analysis David Colander defines economics as the study of how human beings coordinate their wants and desires, given the decision-making mechanisms, social customs, and political realities of the society† (Colander, 2010, p. 4). Coordination in this definition refers to production content, method, recipients, and even quantity. To think like an economist one must analyze every situation by comparing the costs and benefits and make any decisions based on those findings (Colander, 2010). The study of microeconomics zeroes in on the individual and analyzes how economic forces affect the choices he or she makes. Economic forces will ensure that what people want†¦show more content†¦Policy makers are taking part in decision-making processes previously conducted by managers and officers on the board. As in the past, when government becomes involved it most likely will mean a permanent change in its role (Beinhocker, Davis, amp; Mendonca, 2009). The change in consumption patterns is due to the fact that the 80’s and 90’s saw high consumption by baby-boomers financing their purchases. As the recession began the boomers faced retirement buried under large amounts of debt. This easily brought buying to a halt and with the aging population and depleted savings it will be a more slowly rise back to normal patterns. All industries are generally affected by a recession. The trend outlined here is that businesses will continue to reshape themselves during these times at an even higher rate. Taking advantage of opportunities that become present can reshape a business’s competitive environment and give them an advantage in this economy. The final accelerated trend reviewed is the pattern of price instability. Over the past thirty years companies grew to expect an overall steady price environment. This is no longer the case. The article suggests that â€Å"rather than trying to accurately forecast inflation or deflation – an impossible task – companies should focus on how they might manage price instability† (Beinhocker et al., 2009 p. 60). They recommend reviewing contracts with suppliers, wage agreements, policies on pricing,Show MoreRelatedEco365 Week1 Essay2640 Words   |  11 PagesSyllabus School of Business ECO/365 Version 4 Principles of Microeconomics | Copyright  © 2011, 2008, 2007, 2006 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course provides students with the basic theories, concepts, terminology, and uses of microeconomics. Students learn practical applications for microeconomics in their personal and professional lives through assimilation of fundamental concepts and analysis of actual economic events. Policies FacultyRead Moreeco 365 week syllabus1755 Words   |  8 PagesSyllabus School of Business ECO/365 Version 4 Principles of Microeconomics Copyright  © 2011, 2008, 2007, 2006 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course provides students with the basic theories, concepts, terminology, and uses of microeconomics. Students learn practical applications for microeconomics in their personal and professional lives through assimilation of fundamental concepts and analysis of actual economic events. Policies Faculty andRead MoreQnt-3511425 Words   |  6 PagesWeek-4 Kudler Fine Foods Lawrence Callahan ECO-365 July 31, 2013 Dan Ershadi e I | Kudler Fine Foods is an upscale / specialty gourmet grocery food store catering to high end clientele who are seeking the finer things in life. They opened their doors in June of 1998 and currently have three locations in the San Diego area (La Jolla, Del Mar and Encinitas). Each is about the same size with approximately 8,000 square feet of retail space, each providing the same products. Kudler’s is moreRead MoreFinancial Analysis of Tui Travel Plc in the Year 20094088 Words   |  17 PagesFinancial analysis Assignment Title-Analysis of the annual report of HUI Travel Plc during the years 2009 amp;2008 INTRODUCTION The main aim of this assignment is to analyse the Annual report and Financial accounts of TUI Travel PLC and to compare the companies overall performance with its competitors (Thomas Cook Plc) of the years 2009and 2008 using the process called Ratio Analysis. Ratio analysis acts as powerful tool in analysing and interpreting the financial statementsRead MoreEco 3653142 Words   |  13 PagesDesign Guide School of Business ECO/365 Version 4 Principles of Microeconomics Copyright  © 2011, 2008, 2007, 2006 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course provides students with the basic theories, concepts, terminology, and uses of microeconomics. Students learn practical applications for microeconomics in their personal and professional lives through assimilation of fundamental concepts and analysis of actual economic events. Policies Faculty andRead MoreDeveloping Visual Identity Package For O2gen Solutions6496 Words   |  26 Pagesmanual. The brand manual is a composite of all the colour options, vectors, logos, covers and media content which can be modified or used as it is for creating other content. This manual was the heart of our project. Surrounding this manual was the analysis of the logo. Then we come to the email content. Now since we were marketing a Microsoft product as well as the company services the first priority was to place the together so that both firms are represented as one. To establish this credibilityRead MoreKmart Aquisition3556 Words   |  15 PagesACCT600 MAFM CAPSTONE Winter 1, 2012 Professor Daniel Lagelier Team B Costco acquisition of Kmart from Sears Holdings Corp. Adriana Guaderrama Helen Hardy Corie Hernandez Owen Jennings Wilner Luders Sam Marzar 12/2/2012 Table of Contents 1 Abstract 1 2 Current Financial Position - Costco 1 2.1 Results of Operations 2 2.1.1 Exhibit 1 2 2.1.2 Exhibit 2 3 2.1.3 Exhibit 3 4 2.1.4 Financial Ratios 4 3 Performance Measure and Analysis (Sears Holdings Corp) 5 Read MoreInventory and Order Quantity2293 Words   |  10 PagesJourney to World Class 3 – Managing Inventory – an excellent Industry Week article on one firm’s move to become a world class organization by managing their inventory. Contents: | EOQ || EOQ with Quantity Discounts | | Continuous Periodic Review Systems | |Comparison of Q and P Systems | | Inventory Reduction | | ABC Analysis | | Links | | Back to 02-33 Index | [pic] Two Types of Demand Impact Production/Service Organizations 1. Independent Demand †¢ †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   external demand for end itemsRead MoreFeasibility Study Sample10476 Words   |  42 PagesChapter 1 Executive Summary 1. Name of the Firm The company’s name is Cats and Rocks. The business is named after the two owners namely Katina Cassandra and Roanna Kelly. They have proposed the idea the massaging backpack, Lay-Backpack 2. Location Main manufacturing plant will be located 416D Quezon Street, San Antonio, San Pedro Laguna. This property is owned Mrs. Yolanda Lopez, a sole proprietor of a t-shirt printing business. She will let the company rent a portionRead MoreBusiness Financial analysis of MS3651 Words   |  15 Pagesobjective of this report is to provide a financial performance analysis of Marks Spencer group plc. This will be achieved by a detailed ratio analysis on financial data available in latest annual report of the company for the year ended March-2013. The attention during ratio analysis will be on horizontal and vertical analysis as well as the comparison of these ratios with the industry. Moreover, the report will also give a brief business analysis of the company. Reason of selecting the company Marks

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Research On Nature And Nurture Debate - 1607 Words

The following essay will address issues in relation to the nature and nurture debate. The indicated debate reviews aspects of behaviours, either inherited or obtained by environmental influences (Waches 1992). Wachs (1992 p. 2) states ‘the development of a child could be viewed as akin to the growth of a plant- a little sunshine and a little water was all the environmental contribution that was necessary to promote what was inherent in the organism’. The main focus of the essay is exploration of holistic development incorporated in a child’s life such as; physical, emotional, intellectual, language and communication (NCM, 2014). Holistic development views the child as a whole individual (Meggitt 2012); and considers the child’s health and†¦show more content†¦Meanwhile the child is exposed to new experiences creating new information, resulting in schemas developing, either being changed or modified (About 2014). Whereas, accommodation is reviewing an existing schema, desiring change (McLeod 2012). For example, a child raised in a home having stereotypical approaches on other social groups, may change their view when moving away from the particular environment, realising the schema is incorrect in distinction to interactions and experiences (About 2014). Furthermore, equilibration is the operation searching to accomplish cognitive stability in assimulation and accommodation (Hummed, 1998). The child will interpret and fathom the word through experiences challenging their understandings (Oakley 2002). Lev Vygotsky is the foundation of extravagant amounts of research in cognitive development (McLeod 2014), Vygotsky observed children as curious and active in their learning, underlining the central role of social interaction (McLeod 2014). The nature and nurture debate is combined with cognitive development, the central debate is accustomed with developmental psychology, including; physical abilities, personality and gender differences (Oakley 2004). Cognitive development materializes through the maturation of the child, the development is pre-programmed in the genes of the child (Birch 1998), the concept suggests children develop when biologically ready,

The Role of Technology in Education - 730 Words

Introduction Over time, many have questioned the role of technology in education and instructional teaching because technology in education is a developing field that many researchers are yet to venture into. Since its advent, technology has greatly transformed human life because it has widened the focus within which man operates because of making his efforts easier and attainable. Introducing technology in the education sector has been viewed as a move towards progress because it has greatly transformed a sector that was initially viewed as being conservative. Currently, educational institutions are outdoing each other in matters technology because each wants to be considered progressive. Moreover, with the advent of the digital era, it is expected that educational institutions should be on the forefront in the implementation of technology because most of these institutions provide the hubs that act as the research centers. In addition, university professors and other stakeholders a re usually at the center of these innovations, and thus a failure of an uptake of technology in these institutions is a mockery of the view that educational centers are technology hubs (Collins Halverson, 2009). With this in mind, this paper is aimed at exploring education and instructional technology in the future. Education in the digital era In the digital era, education is pegged on technology. Currently as compared to the earlier years, many children are having anShow MoreRelatedBenefical Role Of Technology In Education1413 Words   |  6 Pages Benefical Role of Technology in Helping People Obtain an Education Nhuien Tkhi Kim Nhan (Nata) ILSC BENEFICAL ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN HELPING PEOPLE OBTAIN AN EDUCATION Even though most of the population think that technology has a bad influence on our education it still has a lot of benefits like access toRead MoreThe Role of Technology in Quality Education1760 Words   |  8 PagesTHE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN QUALITY EDUCATION Dr.R.Sivakumar Assistant Professor Department of Education Annamalai University Introduction Quality education is a universal goal. It is common to hear arguments that instructional technology will be the key to educational quality as we enter the new millennium. Investment in educational technology is urged upon policy-makers as the path to educational quality. In fact, enthusiasts for educational technology argue that qualityRead MoreThe Role of Technology in Quality Education1774 Words   |  8 PagesTHE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN QUALITY EDUCATION Dr.R.Sivakumar Assistant Professor Department of Education Annamalai University Introduction Quality education is a universal goal. It is common to hear arguments that instructional technology will be the key to educational quality as we enter the new millennium. Investment in educational technology is urged upon policy-makers as the path to educational quality. In fact, enthusiasts for educational technology argue that quality has andRead MoreThe Role Of Educational Technology And The Philosophy Of Education918 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology Philosophy The role of educational technology is of great importance because it upgrades the utilization of technology to enhance instructional delivery and provide students, teachers, and administrators with the competencies of software programs, Internet resources, and course management systems for curriculum design and distance learning (Leomiti, 2017). Education has an immense impact on human society. In fact, many believe a good education can secure a better future. Furthermore,Read MoreThe Role Of Research, Technology Transfer, And Non-Core Education928 Words   |  4 Pagesand investigators can become overvalued at the expense of more solid investigations. But in the realms of research, technology transfer, and non-core education, that universities have generally been more aware of the potential conflict with their traditional values. Overall Bok is quite skeptical of the promise of non-core education as a revenue generator for major universities and is basically afraid that these area s of revenue enhancement will go the way of athletics, becoming so ingrained intoRead MoreWhat Role Do Mobile Phones Play in Society? Discuss the Influence of Technology on Everyday Life: Relationships, Social Movements and Education.1003 Words   |  5 Pagessaid that they had received a call or message since the class had begun. This shows the change from a student who should be focusing and learning, that is now distracted and socializing. We must ask ourselves, what quality of education are the youth getting? Along with education, work and leisure time have been radically impacted by the introduction of mobile phones. Usually these two lifestyles, work and private family life, were distinctly separated although the mobile phone has changed these limitationsRead MoreI Am A New Teacher912 Words   |  4 Pagesteacher, I believe that the purpose of education is to feed our children with the knowledge and skills needed to be successful and upstanding citizens. To achieve this pur pose, I believe that education must operate like a football game. There are four main components in a football that makes a great experience. The first component involves the role of the teacher, the second involves the role of the student him/herself, the third  ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬component involves the role of the family and the community, andRead More The Case for Technology Essay1710 Words   |  7 Pages Technology permeates our society. In work settings, employees are expected to use computers for such tasks as communication, information management, problem-solving, and information seeking. Because technology is such an integral part of modern life, it behooves educators to prepare learners to use it effectively. Technology also has a role in the instructional process for it can serve as a means of supporting and enhancing instruction. Based on an analysis of the literature, Hopey (1998) notedRead MoreUsing A Simple Tool Of Technology Like Blackboard Essay1023 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract Education and technology have been working together in the recent years in the world. Technology does not already apply to education in the Arab world, particularly in rich countries such as Saudi Arabia. After class, students have trouble communicating with teachers to discuss their classes or submit assignments. Therefore, I decided to start a project of how to apply using a simple tool of technology like blackboard in higher education in S.A I am trying to enter this technology (blackboard)Read MoreThe Impact Of Technology On The World Of Statistical Education1650 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Technology is constantly changing and evolving – so it can be no surprise that it is having an effect on the world of statistical education. This paper takes a look at three different articles – The Guidelines for Assessment and Instruction in Statistics Education (GAISE) Report (Franklin et al., 2007), that presents information on statistical education as a whole and two other articles, Evaluating Data Analysis Software: The Case of TinkerPlots (Fitzallen, 2007) and The Role of Technology in

An Assignment of the Role of Software in It Systems

Question: Write an essay on the Role of Software in It Systems? Answer: Introduction Since the release of the Chrome in 2008, it has grown into a dominant browser. Some of the estimates have put the browser to as high as 35% of the usage in the world. It is a freeware web browser developed by google that uses the web kit layout engine. It was released as the beta version for Microsoft windows on September 2, 2008 and as a a stable public release on December 11, 2008. As of September 2012 the stat counter has said that it is the most widely used web browser in the world. W3counter stated that chrome became the leading browser globally in august 2012 with 28% of the market share. However Netapplication indicated that chrome was third in size and came just after internet explorer and Firefox. In the year 2008, in the month of September google released a large portion of the chromes source code as an open source project called chromium, which is still released by chrome and are based on google (Reis, Barth Pizano, 2009). Benefits and Features Chrome is known for its stark and simple UI which can be cluttered with extra buttons and fun stuff.. There are numerous interesting options which can be customised to make the working of the browser4 even simpler. The chrome flags is an experimental laboratory in chrome for new features. If we can just type chrome://flags or about: flags in the search bar one will be listed with a number of cool tweaks. If one is running the chrome on windows, Linux or chrome OS it will open a password when an account creation page is opened. The tweak will enable password protected sign in in the web browser (Rahman, n.d.). The tab overview flag utilises the MacBooks track pad to provide a new way of browsing. Three fingers swipe down and all the open tabs can be seen in the simple title display. If one is tired of watching the tabs squeezed in the top of the screen, until one cannot even identify them. Then there is an option called stacked tabs for the windows users only. This flag can be found in the same way in the search bar. Once enabled, the tabs wont shrink anymore but only be stacked on top of each other (Okechukwu, 2014). If one suddenly runs across something in course of internet travels and want to share the post. The post to tumbler extension can help it to share to tumbler just by a right click on the image that strikes and the option to share it will be available. There are many options to make reddits appearance and performance better on the chrome by the help of the reddit companion which adds a bar to the browser and will allow to vote and view comments at any time. Pocket is an extension in chrome which enables to store articles and pages for later readings instead of leaving the tabs unmanageable and cluttered. Talk to is a tab which can manage all the chat options of a user in one tab and therefore makes it easy to manage ('Google', 2012). Conclusion The chrome is an extensible and very flexible browser which has been developed by windows keeping all its options very simple in order to be used by anybody. It is very versatile browser and therefore the largest used browser in the world. References Google. (2012).ECOS. doi:10.1071/ec12481 Okechukwu, O. (2014). Security Evaluation of Google Chrome Operating System.IOSRJCE,16(6), 64-67. doi:10.9790/0661-16676467 Rahman, A. Google Mania.SSRN Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.1346312 Reis, C., Barth, A., Pizano, C. (2009). Browser Security.Queue,7(5), 3. doi:10.1145/1551644.1556050

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

How does Tim Burton create an atmosphere in sleepy hollow Essay Example For Students

How does Tim Burton create an atmosphere in sleepy hollow Essay This image is followed by a montage sequence which includes- two people holding hands, a person sighing a will, a piece of paper (supposedly the will) being put into a brief case, the sealing of the will with a stamp. This opening scene establishes motif that will recur and may only be interpreted accurately in terms of importance on reviewing. During this section we are repeatedly being shown a windmill (it is seen on the stamp the briefcase and the carriage) with the name Van Garret written underneath it. This is likely to be the family crest which all point toward the denouement when the windmill explodes and all the loose points in the story are tied together. In the opening scene there are many feature which refer to the past these include:   Horse and carriage.   The inconsistency of the road.   Clothes and hair.   Environment (the place where Sleepy Hollow is based in is deserted, remote and unlit).   Music used is classical music.   Fog, lightning and thunder. During the first encounter of the headless horsemen we see a glimpse of him passing behind the carriage as we see this we notice we see Van Garrets head framed by the window, in doing this, Burton has highlighted the characters head making the audience anticipate the decapitation. Throughout the first scene there is no dialogue, which adds tension however throughout the scene the character communicates to the audience through facial expression making it seem like youre watching a silent movie. Before the death of Van Garret the poor fellow is trying to get away is trying to get away from the killer however he gets lost in a cornfield and runs into a scarecrow with a pumpkin for a head. The pumpkin is well known for being associated with Halloween, with spooky from its nature. We see a variety of camera angles and angles allowing the audience to share the sense of being lost. However, Van Garret is startled by the appearance of the object as its almost alive but at the same time demonic. However when seeing the scarecrow the camera angles automatically zooms in to Van Garrets face which shows relief, which is shared with the audience, nevertheless this is only momentarily as the horse is made present though digetic (the whinnying of the horse). The final image of the seen is of the pumpkin being streaked with blood, the motif starts and the scene. Scene 2 Unlike the previous scene we observe an urban, built upon city of New York, which is a contrast to that of Sleepy Hollow. However unlike the modern day buildings the attitude toward to crime is still going back to the medieval ages. We shown different gruesome contraptions that might have been used to punish criminals in the court. In this scene we immediately Ichobod Crane does not belong in the city of New York as Crane believes to identify criminals modern day scientific methods must be carried out however, by sharing this view with the community Crane is put to the test of solving these crimes of the headless horsemen. This shows that Crane is a detective however; does this mean the genre of the whole is murder mystery? So Ichobod Crane is sent to the town of Sleepy Hollow. As this is scene the credits are used in ghostlike font, which disappears after being seen. By doing this Burton adds the sense of a supernatural feeling. Another way Burton makes the have a sense of horror is the use of a non-diegetic sounds (orchestra playing classical but spooky song) which seems to get to get louder as Crane gets nearer to the Van Tassel mansion. As Crane enters the town he is seen going past a grave yard and as he walks down the street surrounded by simple houses we see villagers closing the shutters of their houses which is used as a metaphor for the secret which is vital to the solving of the mystery. .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7 , .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7 .postImageUrl , .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7 , .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7:hover , .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7:visited , .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7:active { border:0!important; } .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7:active , .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7 .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6c62198a15e2968ff4ac8bf6a02507b7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Star Wars: a New Hope EssayIt is kept from Crane as he is an outsider, and cannot be trusted. As Crane is seen walking up to the Van Tassel manor the building it self looks spooky. As Crane enters the building there is a change in the atmosphere instead of being ominous and mysterious one, we see village folk partying. In the centre of the room we see a crowd of men surrounding a young woman (Katrina Van Tassel) playing a game. However when the presence of Crane is noticed there is a cold welcoming as the main men of the villagers are seen giving each other signals. The way these signals are carried out we noticed these characters are conspiring and not the whole truth. When the meeting is held in a separate room we are told the story of the headless horsemen however instead of being a narrative there is an exposition sequence giving the viewer a background detail of Sleepy Hollow is presented in a frame narrative which makes it more interesting for the viewer however by doing this it reinforce one of the main phrases viewed in the movie seeing is believing. The production of this movies sole purpose is to make money for the organisation behind the movie (pathe) the movie has been designed for viewers aged between the ages of 15 (this is known by the certificate rating) upwards as it has a lot of images which parents might not find suitable for children. As different individuals have different preference Burton has used several genres in the movie, which increases the amount that will come to watch the movie.

Tuesday, April 14, 2020

Case study for Wingspanbank.com. Essay Example

Case study for Wingspanbank.com. Paper Wingspanbank. com was launched on June 24, 1999. It was a freestanding Internet bank under the auspices of the First USA division of Bank One. It was an Internet-only bank that marketed itself with the claim, If your bank could start over, this is what it would be.? Created in a record four months and launched with a huge advertising campaign in year 1999, Wingspan provided one-stop shopping for financial services. At first glance Wingspanbank appeared to be a hugely successful startup, and in a way, it was because it had met virtually all of its goals and led the industry. However, the First USA division had performed poorly since then, it suffered $70 billion in outstanding receivables and shares of Bank One had fallen more than 40 percent since May 1999. Finally, Wingspanbank was downgraded to be a test lab because it didnt attract enough customers? Bank One officials said in September 2000. But was Wingspan, a standalone Internet bank, a flawed business model or a good idea doomed by circumstance? The answer may be both. Internet pure plays dont have staying power, especially in banking. Pure online banks are beginning to look like failed dreams,? said a report issued by Newton, MA-based Meridien Research. However, the bad management in Wingspanbank also contributed to its failure. The internal problems included the direct competition between Wingspanbank and its parent company ? Bank One, frequent system failure, huge marketing campaign, the lack of planning, and the ongoing management turmoil within its parent company. The problem Wingspanbank faced was it should find option(s) that it should adopt to be a valid strategic model to stay in business, to solve the problem of management, to take full advantage from its opportunities to attract and retain customers. We will write a custom essay sample on Case study for Wingspanbank.com. specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Case study for Wingspanbank.com. specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Case study for Wingspanbank.com. specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In the analysis, in-depth insight will be given to examine the situation of Wingspanbank and recommendation will be given to Wingspanbank or Bank One in order to improve the situation of the business. 2. 0: Analysis and Evaluation 2. 1: Review the Big Picture In the late 1990s, the United States and the rest of the world were experiencing the longest economic expansion in the history. The years 1994-2000 witnessed solid increases in real output, low inflation rates, and a drop in unemployment to below 5%. In year 1999, unemployment rate in the US was 4. 2%, the lowest one in these years. At the same time, the widely use of personal computer and the explosion of the Internet brought more and more people to the Net and made them feel more and more comfortable with e-commerce. People were doing more and more business on the Internet. The development of Internet technology was a result of the development of computer hardware and software. The increase in employment changed the consumers? life style to be seeking convenience and simplicity because they had less time to shop and handle the routine banking transaction. Therefore, the environment was friendly, especially for the Internet-related industries. 2. 2: Industry Analysis Online financial service industry characteristics: The online financial service industry began its climb in the mid-1990. At the time when Wingspanbank was launched, the industry was in the growth stage in its life cycle with a rapid speed. By November 1999, there were more than 500 online banks, and another 1000 were predicted to launch in year 2000. Moreover, in 1998, the number of households using online banking nearly doubled to 7 million. There are two typical models of online financial service: the first one is the combination of bricks? (a physical location) and clicks? (a Website). The primary purpose of the website is to retain existing customers and provide information about retail products at brick-and-mortar locations. In this model, the traditional bank provides many leverage in developing Internet products. The second one is pure-play Internet banking? which provids one-stop shopping for financial services with great convenience and low price and higher interest rate. Key Success Factors The key success factors in this industry include all of the following: the primary key success factor is security issue with the trust and concern of privacy. To have a strong position in banking, especially online banking industry, brand name and reputation play an important role. To satisfy customers, a wide selection of service with good quality is absolutely necessary. And having a web-presence, the design of the website and the speed of access are important to attract and retain visitors. At the same time, convenience and simplicity of processing are very critical because those are what online customers are looking for. Industry Driving Force The online financial service industry is a technology driven industry. The development of the Internet technology determines the processing of online banking service and the speed of access and design of the site as well as the convenience and simplicity that a site can provide to its visitors. The legal issue associated with the security concern is also a driving force because of the concern of consumer privacy. Government regulation is also playing an important role, for example, the Federal government further spurred competition with the repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act, removing barriers among banks, brokerages, and insurance companies. Characteristics of Customers Being a service industry, to address the characteristics of customers is very important. In the online banking industry, consumers? main concern is trustworthiness followed closely by price. Because Internet-only banks have lower overhead costs, they can pass saving on to consumers, and because transactions are electronic, they can be done faster and provide great convenience to customers. However, as trust and safety are concerned, consumers want a proven brand and/or local presence in addition to the low cost, convenience and speed of online sales and service. 2. 3 Industry Analysis at Micro Level Threat of new entrants The threat of new entrants of the online financial service industry is moderate. First of all, a recognized brand name and reputation are required to attract customers. Secondly, security issue is another barrier to entry because of the associated legal issue and government regulation. For example, Yahoo and AOLs face a barrier to entry in being unable to secure charters. Moreover, the heavy marketing expense required to market a website also create a high barrier to entry. However, the wide availability of web technology reduces the barrier. Rivalry among existing competitors As addressed earlier, by November 1999, there were more than 500 online banks and another 1000 were predicted to launch in year 2000. Besides Bank One, other giant banks such as Citibank, American Express were planning to launch their Internet-only divisions. Online customers are easily switch from this site to others; therefore the low switching cost increases rivalry among competitors. Threat of substitutes The substitutes of online banking include all of the following: traditional banking, phone banking, wireless banking and financial service providers. With traditional banking, there are brick-and-mortar locations for customers to handle routine banking transactions. A consumer survey, conducted by Newton, MA-based TowerGroup, drives home the point: more than half of consumers surveyed (51%) still prefer to handle transactions at traditional bank branch. Phone banking is a way by which customers can handle transaction by phoning an automotive response system or a service representative. Wireless banking is growing with the use of wireless device such as mobile phones and PDAs. The wireless service providers offer trading and related account services to their customers. Other financial information service providers are also taking customers from online banks. Therefore, the threat of substitutes is relatively high.

LearningGoal For --Paragraph Essay

LearningGoal For --Paragraph EssayWhen you are looking for a sample learning goal for --paragraph essay, it is best to look at samples that do not require you to do a lot of research. These can also help you to see what a sample goal looks like before you actually try to write one. The best way to find a sample learning goal for --paragraph essay is to look at those that have been written by someone else. Sometimes the person who wrote the sample goal came up with the idea and wrote it down, but many times they wrote it simply as a piece of information to work from.When you take the time to read a sample, it is best to know what type of sentence constructs they are using. You should look for sentences that begin with questions or statements, but do not always have answers that are clearly stated. It is important to know whether the writer wants you to know that there is a particular type of fact, such as 'the sun rises in the east,' or if the writer is simply trying to elicit a thoug ht or emotion. The sentences should also have verbs or other regular parts, but they should not be in the main body of the text.The second part of this sentence construct is important because it helps to determine whether you are being asked to think or express yourself. The most common problem with writing a paragraph essay is that people are asking you to express yourself in your thinking. While the word 'express' may make you think that you have to think a certain way in order to write an essay, that is not the case. It is very important that you do not force the action of a sentence. This is called breaking the grammar rules and is the most common error in paragraph essays.If you write a sentence with an opening question, you should answer it in the first sentence. This makes it much easier to stick to the rules. This also puts your attention on the actual topic of the paragraph instead of a question being asked again.When you are beginning to write a paragraph, take some time t o make sure that you write without writing or thinking about the topic. Remember that the paragraph will contain a question, so it is best to focus on the question instead of the answer. This makes it much easier to write a paragraph. It also allows you to create a really interesting paragraph that you can share with others.There are two types of paragraphs in the language of writing. The first is the main body of the paragraph and the second is the introduction. When writing a paragraph, it is very important to make sure that the main body of the paragraph contains a question, but it must not be a list of facts that you know. The most common problem with writing a paragraph is that it is supposed to have a specific topic and it is instead filled with a series of facts that you can find in any book or encyclopedia.Remember that there is no such thing as a simple or easy grammatical problem. It is best to research a little about the topic before you attempt to solve it. The purpose o f a paragraph is to present facts and it is important that you use sentences that are grammatically correct. Many times you can use a format in which the beginning of the paragraph is obviously filled with facts that are needed for that paragraph and then the rest of the paragraph is a question.Finally, remember that a paragraph should never be too long. It is important that you keep it short and to the point. A paragraph should only last one to two sentences and should not be more than two lines. A good rule of thumb is that the paragraph is short enough that you can move on to the next line, but long enough that you can look at it in the future when you need a similar question to help you in a future paragraph.

Thursday, March 12, 2020

Reflection Questions 3 †Education Essay question and answer (200 Level Course)

Reflection Questions 3 – Education Essay question and answer (200 Level Course) Free Online Research Papers Reflection Questions 3 Education Essay question and answer(200 Level Course) Q:Can you remember examples of the â€Å"everyday ethics† of teaching shown by the teachers you had in elementary and secondary schools? Can you remember examples in which your teachers’ ethical behavior was questionable? R:Yes I can certainly remember an example of the â€Å"everyday ethics of teaching shown by the teacher in elementary and secondary schools. For instance, I remember my fourth grade teacher who was always respectful to the students and didn’t allow other students to harass or say cruel things about other students and you were punished for if you used foul language. She was very strict on classroom ethics and morals. I also remember examples of teachers’ ethical behavior that was questionable. My fifth grade teacher did little educational instructing and a lot of sleeping and snoring in the classroom!! Q: Do you believe tenure practices are justified and lead to better schools? Why or why not? R:I believe that tenure practices are in and of themselves a necessary means for job security for teachers. I sure that there are known chases in which incompetent teacher have been offered tenure contacts as well. Yet the teaching professions must hold and maintain benefits that will attract comptentemt teachers to stay in the profession. Q:What do you think about the current controversies over the place of religion in public schools? Of prayers? Of the Bible and other religious works? R:I think that our nation will continue to battle over the ideas of separation of church and state in our school systems, this includes prayer, the bible and other religious works. But I do see a standard being maintained by the youth in public schools who are pro God, and believe in standing up of their heritage and religious freedoms. These youth are meeting at the flag poles for organized prayer, they are praying to God for guidance for our nation and the everyday affairs of mankind. Q:Teachers are expected to be people of good character and role models to students. What are the limits of this exceptional? What are some points at which the right of the school district end and the right of the teacher begin? R: A teacher takes an oath to abide by a code of ethics and standards as an educator and the guidelines are clear in terms of what is expected of that person for moral character and as a role model to students. The limits to these expectations are very narrow, because that teacher is held to a higher standard of rule. Yet a teacher does maintain the right to their own personal privacy and behavior within the personal confounds. One would not expect a teacher as a role model to be a child predator or a racist. In terms of where the rights of the school district end and the right of the teacher begins is to be placed within the confounds of the codes of ethic outlined in the teachers bill of rights. School districts shouldn’t be able to govern a persons freedom on speech or actions by due rest. Research Papers on Reflection Questions 3 - Education Essay question and answer (200 Level Course)Standardized TestingArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Trailblazing by Eric AndersonCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andHip-Hop is ArtMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New Employees

Monday, February 24, 2020

Human Resource Management suggestions for Losalot Ltd Essay

Human Resource Management suggestions for Losalot Ltd - Essay Example HRM is all about this. Employees are taught to be positive, deliver quality work, have a sense of humor, and work as a team. Employees should be interested in performing as a team and take joy in team results, rather than aim at individual accomplishments. HRM identifies people with qualities associated with conformity, positive attitude, and partnership. Building a team with members with such exemplary qualities mitigates the work of an organization and together, they can build a work force that performs exemplarily in all the organization desires (Corporate Culture, Auxillium West -The HR Manager). Strong HRM practices are characterized by an equally strong internal labor market, consultative decision making and enterprise unionism. Strong employee-management relationship, leading to employee identification with the firm and a high commitment to innovative production practices that enhance the firm's performance is of prime importance in the context of company progress and development. This could change with employees creating trouble through non-cooperation or their laidback attitude towards their work and superior supervisors. In such situations, it is the company that suffers from low production and strikes. Unless the company HR personnel are well versed with legislations, the company will ultimately have to pay heavy compensation to these employees. A good HR is aware of his/her rights and legislations that offer solace to companies against such employee demonstrations. 1.0 Introduction Losalot Ltd is such a company that doesn't employ an HR specialist. All its recruitment and selection are carried out by the company line managers, who without any proper training in HR law, find themselves making mistakes and forced to pay out large sums of money as compensation to job applicants and current employees. Losalot Ltd is left with no choice but to adhere to the demands of the problem-making employees. In order to avoid further annoyance, the company seeks a remedy to bail them out of this perennial problem. HR should be well versed with legislations relating to recruitment, selection, equalizing, employment opportunities and the formation of employments contracts. 2.0 Legislations The Human Rights Act 1998 came into being in October 2000. 18 Articles consisting of rights and freedom came under this statutory. Of these Articles 6/8/9/10/11/and 14 have far reaching implications for HR. One Article addresses the religious sentiments of minority groups at workplace: The reputation of the industry for giving low priority to personnel matters is reflected in an almost universal disregard of the code of racial equality. Discrimination in recruitment, training, motivation, and promotion can have a bearing on life chances. This can also be referred to in 'Religion and Belief, Dec 2003. Can employers monitor their employee's e-mails This can be termed as a violation into the privacy of an individual and can be referred to discrimination of human rights. Are personal relationships at work grounds for dismissal This depends upon the nature of relationship and the context in which, if it does, affects performance. Personal relationships are fine as long as they don't come between duty and quality. However, it is advisable to have personal relationships outside working hours and work premises. Can an employer insist on a dress code or uniform

Saturday, February 8, 2020

Africans in the Colonial Period & The Revolutionary Era Essay

Africans in the Colonial Period & The Revolutionary Era - Essay Example The Atlantic Slave Trade is defined as the selling of slaves that occurred within the countries located around the Atlantic Ocean. This was initiated by the people from Portugal and lasted for almost four hundred years. The slaves that were sold originated from Africa’s eastern and central part. These people from Africa was kidnapped and raided against the law. The slaves that were from Africa were estimated to be around ten to thirteen million throughout the time the Atlantic Slave Trade was happening. Since there was a large number of Africans being transported to the New World, most of the Africans label this as Maafa which also meant holocaust. The economic cycle which was comprised of Triangular Trade and Middle Passage also included the slaves. (Klein 103) Depending on which colony slaves lived in, the way they were treated and the work they performed varied. Slaves in southern colonies typically worked under harsh conditions, while slaves in the middle and New England colonies were fewer, had more freedom, and were treated more humanely. The New England Slave Trade was considered a success for it paved the way for the establishment of New England’s economic structure.

Wednesday, January 29, 2020

Basic Control Mechanisms of Thermoregulatory Process in Livestock Essay Example for Free

Basic Control Mechanisms of Thermoregulatory Process in Livestock Essay Introduction Thermoregulation is the ability of an organism to keep its body temperature within certain boundaries, even when the surrounding temperature is very different (Wikipedia, 2012). Thermoregulation could also be referred to as the mechanisms and control systems used by the body to balance thermal inputs and thermal losses so as to maintain its core temperature nearly constant (Monique, 2002). This process is one aspect of homeostasis: a dynamic state of stability between an animals internal environment and its external environment (the study of such processes in zoology has been called ecophysiology or physiological ecology) (Wikipedia, 2012). If the body is unable to maintain a normal temperature and it increases significantly above normal, a condition known as hyperthermia occurs and any prolonged exposure (longer than a few hours) at this temperature without control mechanisms to bring it back to normal is tantamount to death of the animal. The opposite condition, when body temperature decreases below normal levels, is known as hypothermia. Most body heat is generated in the deep organs, especially the liver, brain, and heart, and in contraction of skeletal muscles (Guyton and Hall, 2006). Animals and humans have been able to adapt to a great diversity of climates, including hot humid and hot arid. High temperatures pose serious stresses for the animal body, placing it in great danger of injury or even death. For animals, adaptation to varying climatic conditions includes both physiological mechanisms as a byproduct of evolution, and the conscious development of cultural adaptations (Harrison et al., 1988; Weiss and Mann, 1985). There are four avenues of heat loss: convection, conduction, radiation, and evaporation (Wikipedia, 2012). If skin temperature is greater than that of the surroundings, the body can lose heat by radiation and conduction. But if the temperature of the surroundings is greater than that of the skin, the body actually gains heat by radiation and conduction. In such conditions, the only means by which the body can rid itself of heat is by evaporation. So when the surrounding temperature is higher than the skin temperature, anything that prevents adequate evaporation will cause the internal body temperature to rise (Guyton, 2006). During sports activities, evaporation becomes the main avenue of heat loss (Wilmore et al., 1999). Humidity affects thermoregulation by limiting sweat evaporation and thus heat loss (Guyton and Arthur, 1976). The skin assists in homeostasis (keeping different aspects of the body constant e.g. temperature). It does this by reacting differently to hot and cold conditions so that the inner body temperature remains more or less constant. Vasodilation and sweating are the primary modes by which humans attempt to lose excess body heat. The brain creates much heat through the countless reactions which occur. Even the process of thought creates heat. The head has a complex system of blood vessels, which keeps the brain from overheating by bringing blood to the thin skin on the head, allowing heat to escape. The effectiveness of these methods is influenced by the character of the climate and the degree to which the individual is acclimatized. Classification of Animals by Thermal Characteristics Based on thermal characteristics, animals could be classified into four broad groups: †¢ Endotherms: These are animals that create most of their heat via metabolic processes, and are colloquially referred to as warm-blooded. Most mammals and humans belong to this group. †¢ Ectotherms: These are animals that use external sources of temperature to regulate their body temperatures. They are colloquially referred to as coldblooded despite the fact that body temperatures often stay within the same temperature ranges as warm-blooded animals. Examples of animals that belong to this group are fish, amphibians and reptiles. †¢ Homeotherms: These are animals or organisms with stable body temperature which is independent of the temperature of the surrounding environment. Most endothermic organisms are homeothermic, like mammals. Although, fish are ectotherms because all of their heat comes from the surrounding water. However, most are homeotherms because their temperature is very stable. †¢ Poikiotherms: These are animals or organisms with variable body temperature. The body temperature varies according to the temperature of the surrounding environment. Animals with facultative endothermy are often poikilothermic, meaning their temperature can vary considerably. Examples of poikilotherms include amphibians, reptiles and fish. The Hypothalamus as a Thermoregulatory Centre Thermoregulation in both ectotherms and endotherms is controlled mainly by the preoptic area of the anterior hypothalamus (Romanovsky, 2007). In general, the posterior hypothalamus controls responses to cold, and the anterior hypothalamus controls responses to heat (Martha, 2010), hence, both serving as thermoregulatory centres. This area receives input from temperature receptors in the skin and mucous membranes (peripheral thermoreceptors) and from internal structures (central thermoreceptors), which include the hypothalamus itself (Dominika, 1998). The temperature sensory signals from the preoptic area and those from the periphery are combined in the posterior hypothalamus to control the heat producing and conserving reactions of the body. The hypothalamic thermostat works in conjunction with other hypothalamic, autonomic and higher nervous thermoregulatory centers to keep the core temperature constant. Some of these thermoregulatory responses are involuntary, mediated by the autonomic nervous system, some are neurohormonal and others are semi-voluntary or voluntary behavioral responses (Dominika, 1998). The brain receives signals regarding body temperature from the nerves in the skin and the blood. These signals go to the hypothalamus, which coordinates thermoregulation in the body. Both sets of information are needed so that the body can make appropriate adjustments. The thermoregulatory centre sends impulses to several different effectors to adjust body temperature. The signals from the hypothalamus control the sympathetic nervous system, which affects vasoconstriction, metabolism, shivering, sweating, and hormonal controls over temperature to bring the increased or decreased temperature back to normal (Wikipedia,2012) Figure 1: Schematic representation of the thermoregulatory centre role in thermoregulation (IHW, 2006) Feedback Control Mechanism for Thermoregulation in Hot Condition When the surroundings are hot or when the animal body is vigorously exercising, the following could be described as the summary of the feedback control system responsible for regulating the temperature back to normal: †¢ As the body core temperature starts to rise, the increase in temperature is detected by heat receptors in the body. †¢ †¢ These receptors send signals to the hypothermic thermostat. The thermostat inhibits the adrenergic activity of the sympathetic nervous system and stimulates the vasomotor system to dilate the capillaries underlying the skin. †¢ Arteriolar vasodilation occurs. The smooth muscle walls of the arterioles relax allowing increased blood flow through the artery. This redirects blood into the superficial capillaries in the skin increasing heat loss by convection, conduction and radiation. †¢ If the heat is sufficiently intense, the cholinergic sympathetic fibers, wh ich innervate sweat glands release ACh, stimulating sweat. †¢ The eccrine sweat glands under the skin secrete sweat (a fluid containing mostly water with some dissolved ions) which travels up the sweat duct, through the sweat pore and onto the surface of the skin. This causes heat loss via evaporative cooling; however, a lot of essential water is lost (Wikipedia, 2012). †¢ The hairs on the skin lay flat, preventing heat from being trapped by the layer of still air between the hairs. This is caused by tiny muscles under the surface of the skin called arrector pili muscles relaxing so that their attached hair follicles are not erect. These flat hairs increase the flow of air next to the skin increasing heat loss by convection. †¢ Behavioral responses to heat, such as lethargy, resting, lying down with limbs spread out or wallowing in pool of water or mud, decreases heat production and increases heat loss †¢ As the animal body gets cooler, the hypothalamic receptors detect this and diminish the heat loss prevention responses . †¢ The body core temperature returns to normal. It should be noted that most animals cant sweat efficiently. Cats and dogs have sweat glands only on the pads of their feet. Horses and humans are two of the few animals capable of sweating. Many animals pant rather than sweat because the lungs have a large surface area and are highly vascularised. Air is inhaled, cooling the surface of the lungs and is then exhaled losing heat and some water vapour. Figure 2: Schematic representation of thermoregulatory process in the body of an animal (IHW, 2006) Feedback Control Mechanism for Thermoregulation in Cold Condition When the surroundings are cold or when the animal body is resting, the following could be described as the summary of the feedback control system responsible for regulating the temperature back to normal: †¢ As the body core temperature starts to drop, this is detected by cold receptors in the body. †¢ These receptors send signals to both the hypothalamic thermostat and higher cortical centres in the CNS. †¢ The activation of the sympathetic centre results in several response which slow down the activity of the sweat glands. †¢ This lowers the production of sweat and it decreases the evaporation of sweat, which reduces heat loss by evaporation. †¢ The muscles under the surface of the skin called arrector pili muscles (attached to an individual hair follicle) contract (piloerection), lifting the hair follicle upright. This makes the hairs stand on end which acts as an insulating layer, trapping heat. †¢ The hypothalamus also signals the vasomotor system to constrict the capillaries underlying the skin. †¢ Arterioles carrying blood to superficial capillaries under the surface of the skin can shrink (constrict), thereby rerouting blood away from the skin and towards the warmer core of the body. This prevents blood from losing heat to the surroundings and also prevents the core temperature dropping further. This process is called vasoconstriction. It is impossible to prevent all heat loss from the blood, only to reduce it. In extremely cold conditions excessive vasoconstriction leads to numbness and pale skin. Frostbite only occurs when water within the cells begins to freeze, this destroys the cell causing damage (Wikipedia, 2012). This reduces heat loss by conduction, radiation, and convection. †¢ A Shivering Center in the hypothalamus is also activated which activates the brainstem motor centers to initiate involuntary contraction of skeletal muscles causing shivering. This increases heat production as respiration is an exothermic reaction in muscle cells. Shivering is more effective than exercise at producing heat because the animal remains still. This means that less heat is lost to the environment via convection. There are two types of shivering: low intensity and high intensity. During low intensity shivering animals shiver constantly at a low level for months during cold conditions. During high intensity shivering animals shiver violently for a relatively short time. Both processes consume energy although high intensity shivering uses glucose as a fuel source and low intensity tends to use fats. This is a primary reason why animals store up food in the winter (Wikipedia, 2012). †¢ There is also epinephrine secretion from adrenal medulla that increases thermogenesis.