Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 181

Assignment Example It explains how consumers will behave as a result of change in prices (Frank, 2007 pg 66). Therefore, the compensated demand curve shows the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity purchased assuming that other prices and utility are held constant. It answers the how utility will change as a result of a change in relative prices of that specific food. In case of an inferior good, customer maximizes utility at point a. However, the prices of good x falls to Px0 making the budget line to rotate. As a result, a point b is formed when the budget line meets the indifference curve. This is known as the price effect. To attain a new equilibrium, M is reduced to M* where a new equilibrium bundle is formed. Therefore, substitution effect is the change of good X from point a to b. The income effect shows that as the income increases,the quantity of good X desired reduces from c to b. For a normal good, income elasticity of demand is positive. On the other hand, elasticity of demand for an inferior good is negative (Frank, 2007 pg 149). This therefore clearly indicates that for a normal good, increase in prices leads to decrease in demand whereas an increase in prices leads to increase in demand for an inferior good. Therefore, normal good are more elastic than inferior

Radiography Skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Radiography Skills - Essay Example In addition, this distance is important in bringing sharper images and details of the delicate structures of the lungs. While doing the radiographic image of the body chest, an oblique sternum in the LAO position is not preferred. This is because oblique sternum position is only about 15o and opens the body joint at a very close angle to with the image receptor and also projects the sternum onto the right as opposed to left positioning recommended. Oblique sternum positioning of the LOA therefore fails to demonstrate the best axillary portions of the body ribs and instead, an AP oblique projection is preferred (Ramlaul, 2010). While doing abdominal radiography, the filming must include diaphragms as it demonstrates fluid and free air levels. Chest must be included in the acute abdomen examination because it has muscles that are of great radiologic significance. Different chest X-rays imaging are preferred for expiration and inspiration. In particular, for an inspiration, posteroanterior (PA), a form of portable chest x-ray is preferred as it exposes the crowded inspiration organs, while AP form of chest X-ray is commonly used for expiration (Ramlaul,

Topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 5

Topic - Essay Example The countries that may be taking this place may include China and India. Therefore, in spite of the advancement of the U.S, which ought to support the most important aspects such as education, the country’s education system is lagging behind due to reasons that can be resolved through development of better policies. One of the reasons behind this deterioration is that the Americans students are not being taught the relevant subjects. Here, the system is teaching today’s students yesterday’s subjects. The world has developed and the system keeps on teaching the same issues making the American students unfit for the workplace. This is the reason why the employers in the U.S have been finding it difficult to get the skills that they require in the workplace. This may be the key reason why students from other countries have been getting employment easily in the U.S and the unemployment rates in the country continue to rise. Therefore, for this reason, employers are finding it easier to outsource from foreign countries than from the U.S (Kaminski). Additionally, the American education is the easiest worldwide. This implies that it does not challenge the students but involves reading of a script and sitting for an exam. However, it does not teach the students the skills that they will require in the workplace as well as the resilience required in the modern business world, which is highly competitive. The American students are taught to follow what has been the behaviour of previous generations instead of showing them how to question what has been taking place throughout history. This has been reducing their capabilities to be innovative and creative when they join the employment world. In addition, the lack of challenging education has been denying them the chance to get problem resolution and decision making skills, which are crucial to the employers and form the requirements for working in modern business environments

Cover letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cover letter - Essay Example accountant is extensive, with reputation of effectiveness, efficiency, an immediate positive connection to the clients, and minimal supervision but within the team environment. As a member of your company’s accounting team, I will provide reliability, efficiency, accuracy with figures, honesty, maturity, knowledge of legal and general office practices, and opportunism for tackling challenges. I find working under intense pressure with a dedicated financial team very satisfying. I have attached my resume for your perusal and review, and I hope that if you find any questions that require my clarifications you will contact me at the telephone numbers above. Mr. Fredrick, my aim is to establish a convenient timeframe that we can meet and discuss how my professionalism, enthusiasm, and talent may add value to your company’s operations. Thank you for considering my candidacy. I am looking forward to speaking with

How to Achieve Better Work-Life Balance Essay Example for Free

How to Achieve Better Work-Life Balance Essay For most of us these days, having to work is not an option, but a necessity. Struggling to maintain a job and a family can be demanding and stressful. While dealing with everyday chores at home, dinner, homework and other responsibilities, some people think that being at work is like having a break. On the other hand, for a single person, work may be the only social life they have. While using the workplace as an outlet to get away from it all or as a place to socialize, it is important to be aware of actions at work that might annoy your co-workers. Manners do matter, not only in your social life but your workplace. Manners can come into various forms, but professional etiquette in a workplace is vital, if you want to be respected or even make your job easier. For example, if your job involves you sending emails to other clients, associates or managers. You always want the email to content a greeting, and goodbye. I said respectable because there are different forms of greetings and goodbyes depending on the receiver. Manners mean behavior that is considered to be polite in a particular society and culture Manners are what you do in a specific way to be polite, courteous, etc. showing proper manners means making the person around you not feel bad. Example: You say ‘please’ and ‘thank you’ to show good manners. You are not ‘showing etiquette’ while doing this. As everybody already knows that it’s a professional etiquette to use these words at work! Professional manner etiquette consists of professional dress code the right dress with the right contrast of color combination of shoe and socks, exposing physical structure must be avoided. professional appearance, punctuality, use of professional language, positive attitude, non-verbal communication skills, maintaining hygiene. Manners impact of how others perceive you and your company. Your appearance and dress code, your way of welcoming people at first sight or later, your body language, your way of choosing words for your business conversation, your way of managing time effectively, your professional way of interacting with people and finally your mindset are the core components of your professional manner and etiquette. Each company must have a manual for professional manner and etiquette. New recruits should go through an induction program to understand these sensitive issues to deal with people at work. Even every year there should be a review of a company’s professional manner and etiquette to update its manual to keep pace with the changing trends of global fashion and life style. Conducting a job interview is the most widely used selection tool. It has proved most reliable and the employers rely on it in preference to any other tool. It is a process designed to predict future job performance by candidate\s oral responses to oral inquiries. For having a better comprehension of Job interviewing it is proper will to go through the definitions of the interview and job interview. An interview as defined is a conversation between two people where the interviewer put questions to the interviewees to get information from him. Job Interview on the other hand is generally defined as a conversation between an employer and a job candidate, where the employer evaluates a candidate for prospective employment in the organization. The two definitions show that an interview is a general term used for all kinds of interview, it gives out the broad outlines of the term interview. Job interview on the other hand is specific to a particular area namely employment. But, this is a common misconception that job interview is a unilateral process which, is not the case. The above definition of Job interview is very similar to definition of Job Interviewing, but not that of job interview as it does not give the full picture and is incomplete.

Importance of Ground Investigations in Site Investigations

Importance of Ground Investigations in Site Investigations Geotechnical report Ali Aleffar Contents Introduction: Site investigation procedure Stage 1 — desk study and reconnaissance survey Stage 2 – Ground investigation, analysis and laboratory test Phase 1 or intrusive (sampling) Photographs Phase 2 non-intrusive or Geophysical site exploration. Laboratory Testing Stage 3 — the site investigation report REPORT OUTLINE Subsurface Situations Design Recommendations Geotechnical failure example: Critical Analysis: Recommendations: Conclusion: References: Introduction: In order to specify the geotechnical and geoenvironmental issues in the context of the suggested end-use of the site, site investigation can be done for this purpose. A geotechnical site investigation is the process of collecting information and evaluating the conditions of the site for the purpose of designing and constructing the foundation for a structure, such as a building, plant or bridge, In addition to that this report contains the site investigation procedure and how the mistakes in site investigation process may lead to a disaster such as what the example below illustrates, collapsing of an important building after executing a subway tunnel under its area, the reasons behind that and how the poorly-done site investigation or following the standard without taming the procedure to proper the environment and circumstances of the project. Good planning for and management of a geotechnical site investigation is the key to obtaining sufficient and correct site information for des igning a structure in a timely manner and with minimum cost for the effort needed. Site investigation procedure To carry out the site investigation procedure there are 4 stages to do: Stage 1 — desk study and reconnaissance survey Stage 2 —ground investigation, analysis and laboratory test Stage 3 — report Stage 4 — design and materials recommendation. [[ONLINE] Available at: http://www.rsa-geotechnics.co.uk/pages.asp?fld_pages_ID=51. [Accessed 18 February 2015]] Stage 1 — Desk study and reconnaissance survey â€Å"Time spent in reconnaissance is never wasted†. The purpose of the desk study is to identify change in land use, via Ordinance Survey maps, Kellys Trade Directories and other historical publicly available records In addition to walkover survey. The history of the site and what it is used for and if whether if it has contaminated the soil and how deep it has effected it. Using satellite imaging, Geological maps, Topographic maps, Soil survey maps, Aerial photographs and existing site investigation reports. [GEOTECHNICAL SITE INVESTIGATION GUIDELINES FOR BUILDING FOUNDATIONS IN PERMAFROST. 2010.] Stage 2 – Ground investigation, analysis and laboratory test Ground investigation or site exploration can be classified into two phases: Phase 1 or intrusive (sampling) It is important that a geotechnical specialist or an engineer with knowledge and skills to document soil stratigraphy, their variations, and the existence of a specific circumstance to observe the progress of test holes advance. 1.5 m is the depth intervals that samples should be taken and sealed in plastic bags for transport to a laboratory for testing. Disturbed samples are derived from backhoe and air-track and auger drills. In addition, representative broken/disturbed samples should be collected to provide samples at 1.5 m depth intervals for laboratory testing in addition to get a well representative sample the following sampling-Disturbed samples undisturbed samples- some methods are used: Trial pits Hand excavated boreholes Cable percussion boring Rotary drilling Sonic drilling Photographs Photographs can document the site and the drill equipment in work progress. In addition, it must be taken of representative disturbed samples and all soil and rock cores. [Smiths elements of soil mechanics, 2014.] Phase 2 non-intrusive or Geophysical site exploration. Boring and test pits afford definitive subsurface exploration. They can, however, be both time consuming and costly. In addition, they give subsurface conditions only at boring or test pit locations, leaving massive areas in between for which conditions must be interpolated or appraised. Geophysical techniques, which are commonly used in highway work and in other applications, can be executed faster, less expensively and greater area can be covered more thoroughly, however, obtaining soil samples are still required from which precise determinations of soil properties can be made in order to verify and complement result obtained by geophysical methods. Two particular geophysical methods that are seismic refraction (Fig1) and electrical resistivity. Resistance of soil to movement of an electrical current is determined. Using values obtained therefrom, the depth and thickness of different soil strata can be interpreted by specialists and estimated, with the aid of additional borings, some of the engineering properties of the subsurface material. [SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS, 2001.] Fig.1 (seismic refraction) Laboratory Testing Laboratory tests to obtain key properties of the ground will be adequate in the majority of geotechnical site investigations. The index properties will be obtained by means of: Water content, particle size distribution, liquid, and plastic limit tests. Laboratory testing for engineering properties may be required for large buildings on complex circumstances of the ground stratigraphy. The types of engineering tests that may be conducted are consolidation, and less likely, creep strength and thermal properties tests. Stage 3 — the site investigation report The key issues that should be noted shall be: a) Project description restated; b) Characterize the site so that surrounding conditions that may influence the design and performance of the building footing are understood and designed for; c) The projected end of the building service life State the present and, climate and ground temperatures; d) Classify the soil strata according to recognized Euro code and BS, based on quantitative laboratory results; e) State the significance of the stratigraphy established by the test hole program, measured ground temperature and the impact of climate warming rate on the recommended building foundation design(s); f) Identify foundation options proper for the proposed service life of the building; and g) Provide guidance for the construction and construction scheduling of the foundation for the building. [GEOTECHNICAL SITE INVESTIGATION GUIDELINES FOR BUILDING FOUNDATIONS IN PERMAFROST. 2010.] REPORT OUTLINE The requested terms of the investigation are the main specifications that the content of the report depends on, the magnitude and difficulty of the structure, and the site condition. Hence, contents and detail of the reports may contrast. The outline provides general contents based on literature and the writer’s experience. Structure information/necessities and building engineering design that the architect/design engineer provide. Testing and classification of the soils should be based on internationally recognized criterions. Engineering properties and foundation design requirements to take into consideration the service life of the proposed structure and the potential impact of climate warming. In addition, should contains the following: Introduction It is suggested that the report is prepared to provide information to the property owner, architect/design engineer and the contractor. As such, the introduction should make sufficient reference to: The requested terms of reference of the investigation, and Scope of work provided in satisfying the requested terms of reference. Background The background provides the physical situation of the project and should include: Projected Structure Detail of the structure guides the extent and detail of investigation. Thus, the architect/engineer should provide the information. Technical detail of the proposed structure, for instance, single or multi-story, plan area, above ground, slab-on grade, or with basement. Service life of the planned structure; e.g., 20, 50 years or more. Geological Situation Overview of the site as provided by geomorphology and bedrock geology obtained from previous investigations and published information. Land Description of surface features of the immediate site that should include topography, vegetation and neighbouring structures. Hydrology and Immediate Surface Drainage Water existence and surface flow may affect the design of surface grading and effect the ground temperatures. Subsurface Situations Investigation Program Summary Includes a description of the method/s used to evaluate the ground situations, equipment that have to be used, test holes number, dates achieved, and laboratory tests conducted. Detailed description of these should be presented in the Appendix, prior to the field logs and laboratory testing. Design Recommendations The report should recommend the best foundation design suite the established ground conditions and the structure criteria [GEOTECHNICAL SITE INVESTIGATION GUIDELINES FOR BUILDING FOUNDATIONS IN PERMAFROST. 2010.] [Smiths elements of soil mechanics, 2014.] Geotechnical failure example: Collapsed archive and a neighbouring building, March 2009 On 3rd of March 2009 at 13:58, the archive building collapsed (The archive was Germanys largest municipal archive, and the only one to survive World War II intact). Two adjacent apartment buildings also collapsed, killing two residents. The Cologne Historical Archive, suddenly disappeared into a cloud of dust and a pile of rubble. After the sounds of buckling began, archive staff and visitors had enough time to escape the building, but its vast historical holdings did not prove as fortunate. Flooding into the building pit was noticed that water. The building workers rapidly warned the staff and visitors of the archive, who evacuated the building. Shortly subsequently, the archive building collapsed as a result of an underground landslide hooked on the subway tunnel.as shown in the picture below: Google map for the collapsed building location Two people were stuck under the debris and on person was thought to be missed. The disaster has left residents in the city, shaken and angry. A nearby school remains evacuated and apartments next to the archive were also sucked into the 28-meter sinkhole. Many locals were afraid of the next accident. The collapse also heavily damaged several surrounding apartment houses as well. The heaviest part of the tunnel construction was supposedly completed 1-year earlier, but the tunnel floor had not been finished. The tunnel and station has been a controversial project in Cologne, with problems occurring as early as 2004 when a church steeple began experiencing tilt of 77-cm, greater than 15 times what was predicted. [[Online]http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/cologne-archive-catastrophe-were-subway-builders-cautious-enough-a-612129.html][Accessed 15 February]] Critical Analysis: After the starting of new underground tunnel work many problems has been observed by residents and building workers such as an expansion joint in the concrete ceiling, in which a crack the size of a hand had formed, cracks in the flooring in the basement boiler room and that the tower of St. Johann Baptist Church leaned by 77 centimeters15 times greater than what had been previously calculated. From the aforementioned examples successive events in Cologne city, the main reason of collapsing of the city archive building can be obviously concluded, which is insufficient bearing capacity of the soil to carry the loading of archive city building and some surrounding apartments after constructing the new tunnel in addition to some side factors which caused loosening of the ground and cavity formations that was inevitable in some areas. Witnesses who were close to the investigation commented that the tragedy was likely caused by ground water seepage The whole thing points to an issue with the ground water, at the construction site may be related to rising levels of the Rhine River, which is situated very close to the collapsed building.The stability and deformations of tunnels can be affected by water by decreasing the effective stress hence reducing the resistance to shearing stresses, by producing seepage forces towards the excavations borders. Drawdown of the water level and to time-dependent subsidence can be caused by the seepage-flow may due to consolidation. Moreover, the seepage forces may act towards the opening may weaken its stability. The effects of groundwater in tunneling are ramified. Throughout tunnel excavation in a water-bearing ground, seepage stream in the direction of the opening occurs, because the pressure at the excavation boundary is, in general, equal to the atmospheric pressure and the tun nel acts consequently as a groundwater drain. Drawdown of the water level can be caused by seepage flow, to decrease in the discharge of walls, or to settlement and consolidation. Beyond these- in the broader sense- environmental influences such as rising levels of a River, which is situated close to the tunnel, large water inflows may have a severe impact on the serviceability throughout its operation phase or obstruct excavation works. And that’s what happened to the soil underneath the city of Cologne archive building where, the seepage which caused by rising levels of the Rhine river especially in that period of the year lead to weaken soil which is unable to carry the loads and that made the soil to fail and collapse the building to come down in a big whole,throughout collecting and analyzing the collected results, combined with the particular circumstances of the project, it can be summarized that the joint at the interface are of layered rock damage resulted from the g roundwater where it is the main internal cause of the tunnel failure. All of that can be resulted from poor-site investigation or it has not been done in the right way or misunderstanding for the data that collected from site investigation. Face instability Severe seepage in the underground tunnles Recommendations: The local tests of the soil around the city archive had only been conducted before the city made the tender offer and prior to the beginning of construction on the underground line. There were no subsequent soil tests once construction work had started. The city followed the standard procedure, so the first recommendation is the standard procedure should not be always followed but following the standard until specific limits depending on the project and other circumstances. In addition to sufficient reinforcing the potential weak soil spots during the tunnelling work For instance, during the construction of a tunnel, flash-hardening bentonite rings must be always directly put in its place. Moreover, never left a hollow that could pull in the adjacent ground. Most of accidents can be avoided if more care is taken and fully understanding for the data collected from a very good site investigation and what to do according to it. In addition to that, for the tunnel situation, the groundwater level should be monitored and using different methods to control the seepage and consolidation of water in the tunnels, which lead to distract the construction. [Tunnel stability and deformations in water-bearing ground. p1-6] Conclusion: To sum up, the ground investigation is a long process and takes a long time and it costs about (Buildings 0.05 – 0.2, Highways 0.2% – 1.5%, Dams1% – 3%) of the project cost and it saves up to 100% of the project and save human life and invaluable things such as the invaluable historical documents. Most of tunnels collapse accidents are resulted from the problems related with the ground water. 90% of collapsing accidents can be prevented by a good site investigation by an experienced team in this field. References: [RSA Geotechnics Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Site Investigation: What is Site Investigation?. 2015. RSA Geotechnics Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Site Investigation: What is Site Investigation?. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.rsa-geotechnics.co.uk/pages.asp?fld_pages_ID=51. [Accessed 18 February 2015 17:00]] [Smiths elements of soil mechanics, Ian smith, 9th edition, 2014, WILEY BLACKWELL.] [SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS, Cheng Liu Jack B. Evett, 5th edition, 2001, prentice-Hall] [Department of Public Works and Services and Government of the Northwest Territories (2010). GEOTECHNICAL SITE INVESTIGATION GUIDELINES FOR BUILDING FOUNDATIONS IN PERMAFROST. Northwest Territories. I. Holubec Consulting Incp3-8.] [[Online]http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/cologne-archive-catastrophe-were-subway-builders-cautious-enough-a-612129.html][accessed 15 February 12:00]] G Anagnostou (2006). Tunnel stability and deformations in water-bearing ground. Zurich, Switzerland: ETH, Swiss federal institute of technology. p1-6. Geotechnical and structural engineering centre (2014). Cause Analysis of soft and hard rock tunnel collapse and information management. Shandong, P.R China: Ministry of Land and resources, China. p1227-1232. California Department of conservation (2013). Guidelines for Preparing Geological Reports for Regional-Scale Environmental and Resource Management Planning. California, USA: Department of surveying. p1-7. R. F. Craig (2004). CRAIGS SOIL MECHANICS. 7th ed. London: Spon Press. p30-70, p373-394. 1

Great Britain :: essays research papers

Britian and the colonies had tensions between each other from the time that the adventurous 1colonists wanted to branch out away from the powerful grip of Britian. Although Britian did not want to let the colonists start there own country they still believed that an extension to their country would be very beneficial to their economy and power. Britian had laws and taxes on the colonists that seemed unfair to the colonists; and they were, but they benefited Britian a great deal by extending their power further into the world. Now that the British had set up their colony and set down their rules and regulations the colonists felt that they were being treated unfairly and believed that they deserved more freedom than the British gave them. After such things as the Sugar Act, Stamp Act and the brutality of the Boston Massacre the colonists began to get restless and striving toward freedom from the higher power that ruled their every day. Protest groups began to rise from the disgruntled people, groups like the Committees of Correspondence. This group gave the people something to believe in. This group clearly told them that they had more rights than the British told them. Inevitably the colonists waged war on the mighty British government. This may have seemed to be a good choice; the British were unfair, so it seemed that the colonists had a right to declare their independence from Britain. And of course it seems to be a good dicision because the United States is now the most powerful country in the world. However was it a smart Christian dicision, what does the bible say about war and going against your own government. In the book of Romans it directly tells the reader that going against your government it is going against Gods will because the government was put there by God. So if this is the case the colonists were all heathens and the whole economy, society and culture of the United States was based on an unjust sinful idea. Yes, that would be true if the Bible did not have another portion specifically handling this sort of situation. In another section of the Bible it reads that a person must only follow a government if it is not leading the person away from God. So if a government directly disobeys Gods word then it is not right to follow its rule and teachings. Did the British do this? Yes, the British passed many different laws that would go against the biblical things like the Quebec Act and the many other unfair taxes and rules. When the British killed